Now the Stage 1 of the bootloader loads Stage 2 in memory.

I already wrote this but my computer crashed, so I won't write as much as before.
Now the bootloader is divided in stage1 and stage2, I added and edited some makefiles, stage 2 is written in Asm and C, the kernel isn't loaded into memory.

PS: after this commit I'll add another branch called "coding", the code in that branch won't work 100% because it's missing something, but I don't want to do a "mega commit" every time (those commits will still be in the main branch).
To everyone who wants to try XanvicOS or """using""" it, use the main branch, because the main branch's code is working.
I'll write this in the README.md right after this commit.

.gitignore

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
 build/
+.mailmap

Makefile

@@ -15,11 +15,10 @@ immagine_floppy: $(BUILD_DIR)/main_floppy.img
 
 $(BUILD_DIR)/main_floppy.img: bootloader kernel
 	dd if=/dev/zero of=$(BUILD_DIR)/main_floppy.img bs=512 count=2880
-	mkfs.fat -F 12 -n "XanvOS" $(BUILD_DIR)/main_floppy.img
+	mkfs.fat -F 12 -n "XANVOS" $(BUILD_DIR)/main_floppy.img
 	dd if=$(BUILD_DIR)/stage1.bin of=$(BUILD_DIR)/main_floppy.img conv=notrunc
 	mcopy -i $(BUILD_DIR)/main_floppy.img $(BUILD_DIR)/stage2.bin "::stage2.bin"
 	mcopy -i $(BUILD_DIR)/main_floppy.img $(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.bin "::kernel.bin"
-	mcopy -i $(BUILD_DIR)/main_floppy.img test.txt "::test.txt"
 
 
 #Kernel

src/bootloader/stage2/Makefile

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ ASM?=nasm
 ASMFLAGS?=-f obj
 CC?=gcc
 CC16?=/usr/bin/watcom/binl/wcc
-CFLAGS16?=
+CFLAGS16?= -4 -d3 -s -wx -ms -zl -zq
 LD16?=/usr/bin/watcom/binl/wlink
 
 SOURCES_C=$(wildcard *.c)
@@ -11,14 +11,14 @@ SOURCES_ASM=$(wildcard *.asm)
 OBJECTS_C=$(patsubst %.c, $(BUILD_DIR)/stage2/c/%.obj, $(SOURCES_C))
 OBJECTS_ASM=$(patsubst %.asm, $(BUILD_DIR)/stage2/asm/%.obj, $(SOURCES_ASM))
 
-.PHONY: all stage2 clean always
+.PHONY: all clean always
 
 all: stage2
 
 stage2: $(BUILD_DIR)/stage2.bin
 
-$(BUILD_DIR)/stage2.bin: $OBJECTS_ASM $OBJECTS_C
+$(BUILD_DIR)/stage2.bin: $(OBJECTS_ASM) $(OBJECTS_C)
-	$(LD16) NAME $(BUILD_DIR)/stage2.bin FILE \{ $(OBJECTS_ASM) $(OBJECTS_C) \} OPTION_MAP=$(BUILD_DIR)/stage2.map @linker.lnk 
+	$(LD16) NAME $(BUILD_DIR)/stage2.bin FILE \{ $(OBJECTS_ASM) $(OBJECTS_C) \} OPTION MAP=$(BUILD_DIR)/stage2.map @linker.lnk
 
 $(BUILD_DIR)/stage2/c/%.obj: %.c always
 	$(CC16) $(CFLAGS16) -fo=$@ $<

src/bootloader/stage2/linker.lnk

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+FORMAT RAW BIN
+OPTION QUIET,
+    NODEFAULTLIBS,
+    START=entry,
+    VERBOSE,
+    OFFSET=0,
+    STACK=0X200
+ORDER
+    CLNAME CODE
+        SEGMENT _ENTRY
+        SEGMENT _TEXT
+    CLNAME DATA

src/bootloader/stage2/main.c

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#include "stdint.h"
+#include "stdio.h"
+
+void _cdecl  cstart_(uint16_t bootDrive)
+{
+    puts("Hello World from the Stage 2 of the bootloader written in C!");
+    for (;;);
+}

src/bootloader/stage2/main.err

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+stdio.h(4): Warning! W138: No newline at end of file
+main.c(8): Warning! W138: No newline at end of file
+main.c(4): Warning! W303: Parameter 'bootDrive' has been defined, but not referenced

src/bootloader/stage2/stage2.asm

@@ -1,56 +1,21 @@
-org 0x0
 bits 16
 
+section _ENTRY class=CODE
 
-%define ENDL 0x0D, 0x0A
+extern _cstart_
+global entry
 
-;Codice del kernel
+entry:
-start:
+    cli
-    mov si, msg_helloworld
+    mov ax, ds
-    call puts
+    mov ss, ax
-	call premi_per_riavviare
+    mov sp, 0
+    mov bp, sp
+    sti
+
+    xor dh, dh
+    push dx
+    call _cstart_
 
-.halt:
     cli
     hlt
-
-puts:
-    ; save registers we will modify
-    push si
-    push ax
-    push bx
-
-.loop:
-    lodsb
-    or al, al
-    jz .fine
-
-    mov ah, 0x0E
-    mov bh, 0
-    int 0x10
-
-    jmp .loop
-
-.fine:
-    pop bx
-    pop ax
-    pop si    
-    ret
-
-;Stringhe
-msg_helloworld: 
-	db 'Hello World dallo stage2 del Bootloader!', ENDL, 0
-
-msg_premi_per_riavviare:
-	db 'Premi un tasto per riavviare...', ENDL, 0
-;Errori
-
-;Variabili
-
-;Cose che non so dove mettere
-premi_per_riavviare:
-	mov si, msg_premi_per_riavviare
-	call puts
-	mov ah, 0
-	int 16h
-	jmp 0FFFFh:0 

src/bootloader/stage2/stdint.h

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#pragma once
+
+typedef signed char int8_t;
+typedef unsigned char uint8_t;
+typedef signed short int16_t;
+typedef unsigned short uint16_t;
+typedef signed long int int32_t;
+typedef unsigned long int uint32_t;
+typedef signed long int int64_t;
+typedef unsigned long int uint64_t;
+
+

src/bootloader/stage2/stdio.c

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#include "stdio.h"
+#include "x86.h"
+
+void putc(char c)
+{
+    x86_Video_WriteCharTeletype(c, 0);
+}
+void puts(const char *str)
+{
+    while(*str)
+    {
+        putc(*str);
+        str++;
+    }
+}

src/bootloader/stage2/stdio.err

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+stdio.h(4): Warning! W138: No newline at end of file
+x86.h(4): Warning! W138: No newline at end of file

src/bootloader/stage2/stdio.h

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#pragma once
+
+void putc(char c);
+void puts(const char *str);

src/bootloader/stage2/x86.asm

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+bits 16
+
+section _TEXT class=CODE
+
+global _x86_Video_WriteCharTeletype
+
+_x86_Video_WriteCharTeletype:
+    push bp
+    mov bp, sp
+
+    push bx
+    mov ah, 0Eh
+    mov al, [bp + 4]
+    mov bh, [bp + 6]
+
+    int 10h
+
+    pop bx
+    
+    mov sp, bp
+    pop bp
+
+    ret

src/bootloader/stage2/x86.h

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "stdint.h"
+
+void _cdecl x86_Video_WriteCharTeletype(char c, uint8_t page);